Joelin Atlas

Methodology and sources

Comparable numbers need explicit definitions.

How outlines are drawn

Each outline is centered and normalized, then scaled by the square root of its official land area. The filled area therefore represents the land-area ratio. Overlap is a visual alignment and does not imply geographic location.

Outline sources vary by place and are listed below. The current datasets are Natural Earth (Public domain · Natural Earth vector master snapshot, retrieved 2026-09-04) and © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).

Population and density

Density is calculated from the stored population divided by land area. Statistical dates and population definitions vary, so every comparison exposes its scope and source.

Current place data

Ishigaki Island

Ishigaki Island only. Population is the registered Japanese-national population and excludes foreign residents. This does not use Ishigaki City's wider administrative area, which includes the Senkaku Islands.

Area reference date: 2024-07-01 · Population reference date: 2024-01-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Penghu County

The full Penghu County archipelago: 90 islands in the county inventory. Population is the registered year-end total; the area figure is the current official inventory accessed September 4, 2026.

Area source accessed: 2026-09-04 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Koh Samui

Area is for Koh Samui main island. Population is the 2024 Ko Samui City Municipality total, whose 252 km² administration includes the 227 km² main island and 18 surrounding islands; density is therefore approximate for the main island.

Area source accessed: 2026-09-05 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Green Island

Physical Green Island area paired with the registered population of Green Island Township at year-end 2025. The township and main island are nearly coextensive, but the population remains an administrative count.

Area source accessed: 2026-09-05 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Orchid Island

Lanyu Township, Taitung County, at year-end 2025: 48.3892 km² of land and 5,220 registered residents, both from the same Ministry of the Interior table. The township covers Orchid Island together with the uninhabited Little Orchid Island (Jimagaod) offshore, so the outline drawn here — Orchid Island alone, about 45.8 km² — is roughly 5% smaller than the area figure.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Xiaoliuqiu

Liuqiu Township, Pingtung County, at year-end 2025: 6.8018 km² of land and 12,076 registered residents, both from the same Ministry of the Interior table. The township is the island, with no separate outlying islands of any size, so area, population and outline describe one object. Registered residents are not visitors: this is Taiwan's most visited offshore island and the daytime population is far higher in season.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Kinmen County

Kinmen County at year-end 2025: 151.656 km² of land and 139,313 registered residents, both from the same Ministry of the Interior table used for Green Island, Orchid Island and Xiaoliuqiu, and reconciling exactly with the county's six townships (Jincheng 21.713 + Jinhu 41.696 + Jinsha 41.19 + Jinning 29.854 + Lieyu 16.003 + Wuqiu 1.2). 🔴 Both wired geometry sources fail this site's land-outline bar for Kinmen: OpenStreetMap's county relation is a maritime-jurisdiction boundary measuring about 998 km² (+558%), and Natural Earth's Kinmen feature draws the main island alone at the wrong area. The outline instead uses GADM 4.1's Kinmen county polygon, which measures about 150.24 km² against the 151.656 km² official figure (−0.93%) — within this site's accepted tolerance and explained by the one component GADM's polygon omits: Wuqiu, an exclave near the Fujian coast, 1.2 km² (0.79% of the county). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Phuket Province

Area and registered population both cover Phuket Province, not only Phuket Island. The province includes the main island and smaller surrounding islands; the provincial outline is used so the displayed density remains internally aligned.

Area reference date: 2023-12-31 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Koh Pha-ngan

Physical Koh Pha-ngan area paired with the complete 2024 registered populations of Ko Pha-ngan and Ban Tai subdistricts, including municipal and non-municipal rows. Ko Tao is excluded.

Area source accessed: 2023-08-01 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Koh Tao

Physical Koh Tao area paired with the 2024 Ko Tao subdistrict registered population. The administrative subdistrict also covers very small nearby islands, so density is a close local approximation rather than a headcount confined to the coastline. The ministry report the area comes from is no longer downloadable from its original address; it is cited here because it is where the figure was published, and no replacement official Thai source states an area for the island.

Area reference date: 2017-01-01 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Koh Chang

Area is the physical Koh Chang island in Trat Province (212.404 km²), as listed in the Department of Marine and Coastal Resources island inventory. Population is the 2024 registered population of Ko Chang District (8,728), the two subdistricts Ko Chang and Ko Chang Tai, which also include 30 much smaller islets around the main island, so density is a close approximation. The 154.8 km² given as the district's administrative area in the same provincial statistical report is not the island's land area (it is smaller than the island itself) and is not used. Not the Ko Chang in Ranong Province.

Area reference date: 2013-10-29 · Population reference date: 2024-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Phu Quoc Island

Area and outline represent the physical main island. Population is the official figure used to establish Phu Quoc City in 2020 and covers the wider city archipelago, including smaller islands; main-island density is therefore approximate.

Area source accessed: 2026-09-05 · Population reference date: 2020-12-09

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Taiwan Main Island

The main island alone, excluding every offshore island. Area is the Ministry of the Interior's island-proper land (35,767.6263 km²) plus its reclaimed tidal land (44.4337 km²); the ministry publishes the two components but no combined main-island total. Population is derived from the same household-registration table used for Taiwan as a whole, subtracting Penghu, Kinmen and Lienchiang counties, the Pratas and Spratly Islands, and the Green Island, Orchid Island, Liuqiu and Qijin townships. No official body publishes a main-island population.

Area reference date: 2017-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Taipei City

Taipei City, the special municipality alone. Area and registered population come from the same Ministry of the Interior table at the same year-end 2025 reference date, so the density is like for like. The figure excludes New Taipei City: “Taipei” in everyday speech often means the two cities together (2,324.3664 km², 6,484,338 residents) or the wider metropolitan area, which has no single official boundary. Population is household registration, not resident presence.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

New Taipei City

New Taipei City, the special municipality alone, at year-end 2025: 2,052.5667 km² of land and 4,044,831 registered residents, both from the same Ministry of the Interior table used for Taipei City, so the density is like for like. It excludes Taipei City, which New Taipei surrounds on every side — the hole in the outline is Taipei City — and it excludes Keelung City to the northeast. Together, the two cities often called “Taipei” in everyday speech cover 2,324.3664 km² with 6,484,338 residents. The outline is GADM 4.1’s New Taipei polygon, which measures about 2,057.8 km² against the official 2,052.5667 (+0.25%); GADM also attaches two islets that belong to Keelung (Pengjia and Mianhua, about 1.6 km² together), and those are dropped from the drawing. GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. Population is household registration, not resident presence.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Hokkaido

Hokkaido excluding the Northern Territories. Japan's published prefectural area of 83,422.27 km² includes the four disputed island groups (5,003.05 km²), which have been administered by Russia since 1945; this page subtracts them so that the area, the outline and the population all describe the same ground. Japan's own Statistics Bureau makes the same subtraction before computing Hokkaido's population density, and no census is conducted in the disputed islands. Population is a prefectural estimate published only to the nearest thousand.

Area reference date: 2024-10-01 · Population reference date: 2024-10-01

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Tokyo 23 Special Wards

The 23 special wards only, not Tokyo Metropolis and not the wider Greater Tokyo area. The wards hold about 70% of the metropolis population on under 30% of its land; the metropolis additionally contains 26 cities, 13 towns and villages and the Izu and Ogasawara islands. The area is a Geospatial Information Authority reference value because five wards have partly undetermined boundaries, and it includes 4.68 km² of river-mouth and bay landfill not assigned to any individual ward. Daytime population is far larger than the resident count: the 2020 census recorded 12.35 million people in the wards on a weekday.

Area reference date: 2024-10-01 · Population reference date: 2024-10-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Okinawa Main Island

The main island of Okinawa, not the whole prefecture. Area is the island's own coastline, so bridge-connected satellites such as Yagaji, Henza and Sesoko are counted separately by the mapping authority. The prefectural population survey does the opposite: it reports only islands not linked by bridge, so those satellites are folded into this figure. The density shown is therefore about 2% high; a like-for-like denominator would be roughly 1,237 km². The count is the resident register, which includes foreign residents but not US military personnel stationed on the island.

Area reference date: 2026-04-01 · Population reference date: 2025-01-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Singapore

Total land area surveyed by the Singapore Land Authority as at 31 December 2025, covering the main island and its offshore islands. The figure rises with reclamation and is restated annually — it was 735.7 km² a year earlier. Population is the Department of Statistics total population at end-June 2025: citizens 3,660,683, permanent residents 543,832 and about 1.91 million non-residents, counted by place of usual residence, so tourists and short-term visitors are excluded. The two dates are six months apart, and the outline traces the main island, Pulau Ujong, which is about 88% of the official area — Pulau Tekong, Jurong Island, Pulau Ubin, Sentosa and some sixty smaller islands are counted in the figure but not drawn.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-06-30

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Macao

Total land area of the Macao Special Administrative Region, the sum of seven official components: Macao Peninsula 9.4, Taipa 7.9, Coloane 7.6, the Cotai reclamation 6.1, New Urban Zone A 1.4, New Urban Zone C 0.3 and the Macao port area on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge island 0.7. The University of Macau's Hengqin campus (1.0 km²) is a separate column in the same official table and is not included, nor is the 85 km² of sea area assigned to the region. Population is the Statistics and Census Service estimate of usual residents, which includes non-resident workers and students. Both figures share a 30 June 2026 reference point. The outline omits the newest reclaimed zones, so it should be read as a silhouette rather than a current coastline.

Area reference date: 2026-06-30 · Population reference date: 2026-06-30

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Hainan Island

Area is the land area of Hainan Island itself, published by the provincial government as 33,900 km², covering only the main island. The population is the province's — 10,552,300 permanent residents at year-end 2025 — so the density here divides a provincial population by an island area. The overstatement is small, because the province's other administered islands hold only a few thousand residents, but the pairing is not like-for-like. Hainan Province separately publishes a land area of 35,400 km², which adds those island groups; the roughly 2,000,000 km² figure often quoted for Hainan is maritime jurisdiction, not land, and is never used here. The area carries no stated survey date, so the date shown is when the official page was read.

Area source accessed: 2026-09-08 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Shanghai

Shanghai Municipality, the whole province-level city: all 16 districts, including the islands of Chongming, Changxing and Hengsha in the Yangtze estuary. Area is the 6,340.5 km² land area published by the Shanghai Municipal Statistics Bureau for year-end 2017, the most recent total it publishes; the population is the Bureau’s 24,854,100 permanent residents at year-end 2025 (15,109,100 with local household registration and 9,745,000 from elsewhere). Because the two figures are eight years apart and Shanghai’s shoreline keeps growing through reclamation and estuary deposition, the density is an approximation. “Permanent residents” (常住人口) counts people living in Shanghai for six months or more — a different definition from Taiwan’s household registration. The outline is Natural Earth’s Shanghai feature, which measures about 6,746 km² (+6.4%), within the gap this site accepts for coastal outlines; sizes on the page come from the official area, not from the drawing.

Area reference date: 2017-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Seoul

Seoul Special City, the 25-district city government of 605.2 km². It is not the Seoul Capital Area, the commuter region of Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi Province, which is roughly twenty times larger and holds about 26.3 million people. Population is the 2024 register-based census total: everyone usually resident inside the city boundary on 1 November 2024, including 367,291 foreign residents, which is a different universe from the resident-registration series readers may know. Area is registered cadastral land at 31 December 2024, summed from the ministry's parcel-level file because no single line publishes the city total; the same method reproduces South Korea's national figure exactly. The two reference dates are two months apart.

Area reference date: 2024-12-31 · Population reference date: 2024-11-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Jeju Province

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, not the main island alone. The area is the province's registered cadastral land at 31 December 2024, covering the main island plus Udo, the Chuja group, Gapado, Marado, Biyangdo and dozens of smaller islets; the population is the province's at the 1 November 2024 register-based census. The main island by itself is roughly 0.9% smaller in area and 0.5% smaller in population, but no Korean government body publishes an area for it alone, so no separate island entry is possible. The outline drawn here is the main island's coastline rather than the provincial boundary, because the mapped provincial relation is a maritime jurisdiction line enclosing about 11,100 km² of mostly open sea. The Chuja Islands, some 50 km north, are therefore counted in the figures but do not appear in the outline.

Area reference date: 2024-12-31 · Population reference date: 2024-11-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Daegu

Daegu Metropolitan City's full administrative territory, including Gunwi County, which Daegu annexed in July 2023 — the reason its area roughly doubled from about 884 km² to 1,499.68 km² in official tables published since then; an undated Daegu area figure may still use the pre-2023 scope. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from this ministry's own annual administrative-area-and-population report — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. This ministry's own administrative-area total for South Korea (100,517.62 km² at 2025-12-31) differs by about 0.06% from the 100,459.9 km² cadastral figure the South Korea and Seoul pages use, a small gap between two different official area series rather than an error.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Daejeon

Daejeon Metropolitan City's full administrative territory, an inland city with no offshore islands. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from this ministry's own annual administrative-area-and-population report — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. This ministry's own administrative-area total for South Korea (100,517.62 km² at 2025-12-31) differs by about 0.06% from the 100,459.9 km² cadastral figure the South Korea and Seoul pages use, a small gap between two different official area series rather than an error.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Ulsan

Ulsan Metropolitan City's full administrative territory, including its coastal waters for administrative purposes. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from this ministry's own annual administrative-area-and-population report — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. This ministry's own administrative-area total for South Korea (100,517.62 km² at 2025-12-31) differs by about 0.06% from the 100,459.9 km² cadastral figure the South Korea and Seoul pages use, a small gap between two different official area series rather than an error. 🔴 The outline is drawn from Natural Earth, not OpenStreetMap: Ulsan's OSM administrative relation encloses about 2,184 km², roughly double the 1,062.91 km² official land area, because the relation follows a maritime administrative boundary far out into the sea — the same failure mode already rejected for Jeju and Bali provinces on this site. The Natural Earth admin-1 feature instead measures about 1,036 km² (about 2.5% under the official figure), which is within the tolerance already accepted for Macao and Singapore, so it draws the outline while the official figure is still used for the area and density numbers.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Sejong

Sejong Special Self-Governing City's full administrative territory. Sejong is South Korea's smallest metropolitan-level city by population among the six on this page and, like Seoul, holds special-city status rather than being an ordinary metropolitan city (광역시). Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from this ministry's own annual administrative-area-and-population report — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. This ministry's own administrative-area total for South Korea (100,517.62 km² at 2025-12-31) differs by about 0.06% from the 100,459.9 km² cadastral figure the South Korea and Seoul pages use, a small gap between two different official area series rather than an error.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Busan

Busan Metropolitan City's full administrative territory, South Korea's second-largest city and its largest port. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from the same Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report used for Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. 🔴 Both wired geometry sources fail this site's land-outline bar for Busan, previously documented in docs/island-data-sources.md: OpenStreetMap's administrative relation encloses about 2,018 km² (+161%, a maritime jurisdiction boundary, not a coastline) and Natural Earth's feature measures about 282 km² (−63%, omitting large parts of the city's outer districts). The outline instead uses GADM 4.1's Busan polygon, which measures about 783 km² against the 771.67 km² official figure (+1.5%) — within the tolerance already accepted for Macao and Singapore on this site. GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Incheon

Incheon Metropolitan City's full administrative territory, including Ganghwa and Ongjin counties' many offshore islands, which the official area and population figures already count. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) as at 2025-12-31, from the same Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report used for Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan, Sejong and Busan — a different series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) that the South Korea and Seoul pages use, though the two series are usually close. Area is this same report's official administrative-area figure at 2025-12-31, not a figure computed from the map outline. 🔴 Both wired geometry sources fail this site's land-outline bar for Incheon, previously documented in docs/island-data-sources.md: OpenStreetMap's administrative relation encloses about 9,886 km² (+824%, a maritime jurisdiction boundary far out into the Yellow Sea) and Natural Earth's feature measures about 367 km² (−66%, omitting the Ganghwa and Yeongjong island groups). The outline instead uses GADM 4.1's Incheon polygon, which measures about 1,097 km² against the 1,069.56 km² official figure (+2.5%) — within the tolerance already accepted for Macao and Singapore on this site, and it does include Ganghwa, Yeongjong and the other island groups (its bounding box reaches Baengnyeong Island near the North Korean maritime border). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Gyeonggi Province

Gyeonggi Province's full administrative territory: the 31 cities and counties that ring Seoul. Seoul and Incheon are separate top-level governments and are not included — Seoul appears as a hole in the outline — so this is not the Seoul Capital Area (Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi together). Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Gyeonggi-do polygon, which measures about 10,189 km² against the official 10,207.70 km² (−0.2%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Gangwon State

Gangwon State's full administrative territory in the northeast of the peninsula. The province became Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province (English name Gangwon State) on 2023-06-11 without any boundary change, so GADM's polygon, still labelled Gangwon-do, covers the same ground. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Gangwon-do polygon, which measures about 16,760 km² against the official 16,876.33 km² (−0.7%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

North Chungcheong Province

North Chungcheong Province's full administrative territory in the centre of South Korea — the country's only province with no coastline. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Chungcheongbuk-do polygon, which measures about 7,414 km² against the official 7,406.69 km² (+0.1%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

South Chungcheong Province

South Chungcheong Province's full administrative territory on the west coast, including its offshore islands. Daejeon and Sejong are separate top-level governments and are not included. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Chungcheongnam-do polygon, which measures about 8,265 km² against the official 8,248.25 km² (+0.2%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Jeonbuk State

Jeonbuk State's full administrative territory in the southwest, including the Gogunsan Islands and its other offshore islands. The province became Jeonbuk Special Self-Governing Province (English name Jeonbuk State) on 2024-01-18 without any boundary change, so GADM's polygon, labelled Jeollabuk-do, covers the same ground. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Jeollabuk-do polygon, which measures about 8,095 km² against the official 8,077.65 km² (+0.2%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

North Gyeongsang Province

North Gyeongsang Province's full administrative territory, South Korea's largest province by area, including Ulleung County's islands off the east coast. 🔴 Gunwi County (614.37 km²) was transferred from this province to Daegu on 2023-07-01. The official figures here already exclude it, but GADM 4.1 predates the transfer and still draws Gunwi inside the province, which accounts for nearly all of the outline's +3.3% gap. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Gyeongsangbuk-do polygon, which measures about 19,037 km² against the official 18,428.23 km² (+3.3%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

South Gyeongsang Province

South Gyeongsang Province's full administrative territory on the south coast, including Geoje, Namhae and its many other islands. Busan and Ulsan border it but are separate metropolitan cities and are not included. Population is resident registration population (주민등록인구) at 2025-12-31 and area is the official administrative-area figure at the same date, both from the Ministry of the Interior and Safety annual report already used for Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Ulsan and Sejong — a different population series from the Statistics Korea register-based census (등록센서스) behind the South Korea and Seoul pages, though the two are usually close. The outline is GADM 4.1's Gyeongsangnam-do polygon, which measures about 10,552 km² against the official 10,543.53 km² (+0.1%). GADM is licensed for non-commercial use only; Atlas is not commercialised. See docs/island-data-sources.md.

Area reference date: 2025-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-12-31

Outline data: GADM 4.1 · Free for academic and other non-commercial use; redistribution or commercial use requires permission

Indonesia

The whole country. Area is the 2022 national land total of 1,892,410.09 km², the sum of provincial administrative land areas fixed by Minister of Home Affairs Decree 100.1.1-6117/2022 and reproduced in BPS-Statistics Indonesia's Environment Statistics of Indonesia 2023; the decree carries no reference day beyond its year, so the date shown is year-end 2022. It is land only and excludes territorial sea, archipelagic waters and the exclusive economic zone. Population is the 284.67 million result of the 2025 Intercensal Population Survey (SUPAS 2025), a mid-year survey enumerated in June–July 2025 and confirmed by BPS in May 2026; it is a survey count, not a civil-registration total, and the mid-2025 date shown is the survey's reference convention rather than an official calendar day. Area and population are about three years apart. Indonesia is an archipelago straddling the equator; the outline draws only land, from Sumatra to Papua. The country spans three time zones (WIB UTC+7, WITA UTC+8, WIT UTC+9); the offset used here is Jakarta's WIB.

Area reference date: 2022-12-31 · Population reference date: 2025-06-30

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Bali Province

Bali Province, not the main island alone. The area is the province's statutory land area, the sum of all 57 districts across its eight regencies and one city as fixed in the 2023 provincial spatial plan; it excludes the 9,152.54 km² of coastal waters the same plan assigns to the province. The population is the provincial figure for 2025, so the density shown is provincial. The province is larger than the main island because it also administers Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, Nusa Ceningan, Menjangan and Serangan — Nusa Penida district alone is 209.02 km², about 3.7% of the land. No Indonesian government body publishes a land area for the main island on its own, and figures circulated as the area of Pulau Bali are provincial totals under an island label. Official provincial areas also disagree by source, from 5,590.01 to 5,780.06 km²; this page names the basis it uses. The outline drawn here is the main island's coastline, because the mapped provincial boundary includes territorial waters and encloses roughly 21,000 km². Area and population are about two years apart.

Area reference date: 2023-03-09 · Population reference date: 2025-06-30

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature

Texas

The State of Texas: 676,660.16 km² of land and 31,709,821 residents. Area is the Census Bureau’s land area (ALAND) for the state in the 2025 Gazetteer, which excludes inland and coastal water — another 19,008 km², so the land-plus-water total is 695,668 km². Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 resident estimate for 1 July 2025, not a census count. The outline is Natural Earth’s admin-1 polygon for Texas, which measures about 1.4% larger than the official land area because its coastline encloses some bays. Most of Texas keeps Central Time (UTC−6, UTC−5 in summer); El Paso and Hudspeth counties in the far west use Mountain Time, one hour behind.

Area reference date: 2025-01-01 · Population reference date: 2025-07-01

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

California

The State of California: 403,676.56 km² of land and 39,355,309 residents. Area is the Census Bureau’s land area (ALAND) for the state in the 2025 Gazetteer, which excludes inland and coastal water — another 20,289 km², so the land-plus-water total is 423,965 km². Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 resident estimate for 1 July 2025, not a census count. The outline is Natural Earth’s admin-1 polygon for California, including the Channel Islands, and measures about 1.5% larger than the official land area because its coastline encloses bays such as San Francisco Bay. California uses Pacific Time (UTC−8, UTC−7 in summer).

Area reference date: 2025-01-01 · Population reference date: 2025-07-01

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Florida

The State of Florida: 138,973.81 km² of land and 23,462,518 residents. Area is the Census Bureau’s land area (ALAND) for the state in the 2025 Gazetteer; it excludes 45,960 km² of inland and coastal water — Lake Okeechobee, coastal lagoons and bays — so the land-plus-water total is 184,934 km². Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 resident estimate for 1 July 2025, not a census count. The outline is Natural Earth’s admin-1 polygon, Florida Keys included; it measures about 5.7% more than the official land area because its coastline is drawn across lagoons and bays. Most of Florida keeps Eastern Time (UTC−5, UTC−4 in summer); the western Panhandle uses Central Time, one hour behind.

Area reference date: 2025-01-01 · Population reference date: 2025-07-01

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

Hawaii

The State of Hawaii: 16,634.44 km² of land and 1,432,820 residents. Area is the Census Bureau’s land area (ALAND) for the state in the 2025 Gazetteer; it excludes 11,777 km² of inland and coastal water, so the land-plus-water total is 28,412 km². Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 resident estimate for 1 July 2025, not a census count. Hawaiʻi Island (Hawaii County) is about 63% of the land, while Honolulu County on Oʻahu holds about 69% of the residents. The outline is Natural Earth’s admin-1 polygon showing the eight main islands; the tiny Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, strung out nearly 2,000 km further northwest, are counted in the area but not drawn. The drawn islands measure about 1.5% more than the official land area. Hawaii keeps Hawaii–Aleutian Standard Time (UTC−10) all year and does not observe daylight saving time.

Area reference date: 2025-01-01 · Population reference date: 2025-07-01

Outline data: Natural Earth · Public domain

New York City

New York City’s five boroughs — Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and Staten Island — with 778.25 km² of land and 8,584,629 residents. Area is the Census Bureau’s land area (ALAND) for the city in the 2025 Gazetteer place file; it excludes 445 km² of rivers, harbour and bay inside the city limits, so the land-plus-water total is 1,224 km². Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimate for 1 July 2025, not a census count. This is the city, not New York State and not the New York metropolitan area. The outline is the Census Bureau’s own city boundary with its mapped water removed, so it matches the official land area to within 0.2%.

Area reference date: 2025-01-01 · Population reference date: 2025-07-01

Outline data: U.S. Census Bureau (TIGER/Line 2025 place boundary minus AREAWATER) · Public domain

Kyushu

The island of Kyushu itself, not the seven prefectures of the Kyushu region. Area is the island's own coastline as measured by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan; the seven prefectures together cover 42,228.10 km² because they also include Tsushima, Iki, the Goto Islands, Amakusa, Tanegashima, Yakushima and the Amami Islands. No official body publishes a population for the island alone: this figure is the seven prefectures' 2025 census population (12,373,566) minus every municipality, and every former municipality, that lies wholly on an outlying island. A few small inhabited islands inside mainland municipalities could not be separated, so the figure runs very slightly high. Five of the seven prefecture totals are reference values because of boundary-undetermined zones; the island figure is not affected.

Area reference date: 2026-07-01 · Population reference date: 2025-10-01

Outline data: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL · source feature